Kazakhstan, as part of the global community, is steadily moving toward achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This is clearly evidenced by ongoing legislative reforms, expanded local government powers, and the active engagement of civil society. Sanzhar Kadirbayev, an expert at the Institute of Parliamentarism, has provided a detailed explanation of the importance of these efforts.
According to the expert, the SDGs serve as a global benchmark that encourages all countries to jointly address social, economic, and environmental challenges.
“Kazakhstan joined the SDGs in 2016, promptly signed the Paris Agreement, and enacted a number of key laws in the areas of ecology, healthcare, human rights, and social justice. In 2020, the Code ‘On Public Health and the Healthcare System’ was updated, paving the way for improving the quality of medical services. The Environmental Code of 2021 bolstered compliance with environmental standards and set a course for the adoption of ‘green’ technologies. Furthermore, the ‘Law on Combating Trafficking in Persons,’ which comes into force in 2024, will elevate the protection of human rights to a new level,” Sanzhar Kadirbayev explained.
It should be noted that the implementation of the SDGs remains under constant parliamentary oversight.
“The Project Office under the Senate analyzes the performance of each SDG indicator and formulates proposals to improve the legislative framework. This makes the work of Parliament and the Government more coordinated and results-oriented. This year, at a joint session of both chambers of Parliament, a resolution was adopted on ‘Establishing a Parliamentary Commission to Monitor the Implementation of National Goals and Objectives of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the Field of Sustainable Development,’ thereby strengthening the mandate of the legislative branch. The focus now is on refining the national indicators up to 2030 and developing forward-looking legislative initiatives,” the expert added.
Sanzhar Kadirbayev also noted that, as part of ongoing decentralization reforms, local authorities have significantly broadened their powers, enabling rural districts to manage their own budgets and flexibly deploy resources to address urgent needs.
• Fourth-level budget. Since 2018, rural districts have been independently administering their revenues—including taxes and fees—allowing for more effective resource utilization.
• Concept for Developing Local Self-Government. Adopted in August 2021, it aims to enhance the qualifications of akims (local governors) and to update local governance mechanisms in line with modern standards.
• Optimization of budget expenditures and procurement. To increase transparency in local budget allocation, procurement procedures were streamlined, and legislation was refined. As a result, regions can focus more on delivering quality services and investing in “green” projects.
Moreover, in the context of the SDGs, regional and district maslikhats (local representative bodies) develop and approve regional programs, monitor their implementation, and prioritize healthcare, education, and infrastructure initiatives. Civil society is actively involved in the decision-making process.
“Kazakhstan’s accession to the SDGs was a significant milestone in both domestic and foreign policy. The country has demonstrated its commitment to global initiatives by setting clear targets for transitioning to a ‘green’ economy and achieving carbon neutrality, while also attracting investment. Inclusive institutions form the foundation for sustainable development. Thanks to the laws passed by Parliament and the proactive work of local authorities, Kazakhstan continues to make steady progress toward fulfilling the SDGs,” emphasized Sanzhar Kadirbayev.
Ultimately, meeting the SDGs is not a single event, but rather a long-term strategic goal. Backed by parliamentary legislative initiatives and the active efforts of local representative bodies, substantial work has already been accomplished. In the coming years, Kazakhstan will undoubtedly continue on this path, implementing new reforms and projects in close cooperation with the international community.
